How do you run a series of commands in shell script?

Posted on by Kyle Austen
Shell script to run a series of commands (Ubuntu)
  1. sudo -s in & enter password.
  2. cd into /x/y/z directory.
  3. run ./script1.sh.
  4. wait until done.
  5. run ./script2.sh.
  6. wait until done.
  7. npm start.

How do I run multiple commands in a shell script?

Using the Semicolon (;) Operator

For instance, if there are two commands: command A and command B, using the semicolon operator in between them ensures that both the first and the second command get executed sequentially regardless of the output of the first command.

How do I run a set of commands in shell script?

Steps to execute a shell script in Linux
  1. Create a new file called demo.sh using a text editor such as nano or vi in Linux: nano demo.sh.
  2. Add the following code: …
  3. Set the script executable permission by running chmod command in Linux: chmod +x demo.sh.
  4. Execute a shell script in Linux: ./demo.sh.

How do I run multiple commands in one command line?

Running Multiple Commands as a Single Job

We can start multiple commands as a single job through three steps: Combining the commands – We can use “;“, “&&“, or “||“ to concatenate our commands, depending on the requirement of conditional logic, for example: cmd1; cmd2 && cmd3 || cmd4.

How do I run 3 commands in Linux?

If you want to execute all the commands, whether the previous one executes or not, you can use semicolon (;) to separate the commands. If you want to execute the next command only if the previous command succeeds, then you can use && to separate the commands.

What is $1 $2 in shell script?

Shell scripts have access to some “magic” variables from the environment: $0 – The name of the script. $1 – The first argument sent to the script. $2 – The second argument sent to the script.

How do I run a copy command in the background in Linux?

Use bg to Send Running Commands to the Background

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You can easily send such commands to the background by hitting the Ctrl + Z keys and then using the bg command. Hitting Ctrl + Z stops the running process, and bg takes it to the background.

How do I run a Python script in Linux?

Running a Script
  1. Open the terminal by searching for it in the dashboard or pressing Ctrl + Alt + T .
  2. Navigate the terminal to the directory where the script is located using the cd command.
  3. Type python SCRIPTNAME.py in the terminal to execute the script.

How do I save a shell script in Linux?

Follow these steps:
  1. Run nano hello.sh.
  2. nano should open up and present an empty file for you to work in. …
  3. Then press Ctrl-X on your keyboard to Exit nano.
  4. nano will ask you if you want to save the modified file. …
  5. nano will then confirm if you want to save to the file named hello.sh .

How do I run a Linux command in the background?

You can easily send such commands to the background by hitting the Ctrl + Z keys and then using the bg command. Hitting Ctrl + Z stops the running process, and bg takes it to the background.

How to create a file in Linux?

To create a new file, run the “cat” command and then use the redirection operator “>” followed by the name of the file. Now you will be prompted to insert data into this newly created file. Type a line and then press “Ctrl+D” to save the file.

What does $1 do in Linux?

Process script inputs

$1 – The first argument sent to the script. $2 – The second argument sent to the script. $3 – The third argument… and so forth. $# – The number of arguments provided.

What is %% in command?

Use double percent signs ( %% ) to carry out the for command within a batch file. Variables are case sensitive, and they must be represented with an alphabetical value such as %a, %b, or %c. ( <set> ) Required. Specifies one or more files, directories, or text strings, or a range of values on which to run the command.

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What is $# in Linux?

The special character $# stores the total number of arguments. We also have $@ and $* as wildcard characters which are used to denote all the arguments. We use $$ to find the process ID of the current shell script, while $? can be used to print the exit code for our script.

How do you use $#?

`$#` refer to `The value of the total number of command line arguments passed. ` Thus, you can use $# to check the number of arguments/parameters passed like you did and handle any unexpected situations. etc.

How do I force a copy of a file in Linux?

The best way to force the overwrite is to use a backward slash before the cp command as shown in the following example. Here, we are copying contents of the bin directory to test directory. Alternatively, you can unalias the cp alias for the current session, then run your cp command in the non-interactive mode.

How do you stop a process in Linux?

How to force kill process in Linux
  1. Use the pidof command to find the process ID of a running program or app. pidof appname.
  2. To kill process in Linux with PID: kill -9 pid.
  3. Want to kill process in Linux with application name? Try: killall -9 appname.

How to install Python packages in Linux?

Installing via modules via setup.py to your home directory
  1. Download and untar or unzip the module you would like to install.
  2. cd into the module directory that contains setup.py and run the install: python setup.py install –prefix=~

How to open a file in Python?

In Python, we use the open() method to open files.

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How to delete a file in Linux?

You can quickly and easily delete a single file with the command “rm” followed by the file name. With the command “rm” followed by a file name, you can easily delete single files in Linux.

How to edit a file in Linux?

Edit the file with vim:
  1. Open the file in vim with the command “vim”. …
  2. Type “/” and then the name of the value you would like to edit and press Enter to search for the value in the file. …
  3. Type “i” to enter insert mode.
  4. Modify the value that you would like to change using the arrow keys on your keyboard.

How do I run a python program in the background?

The easiest way of running a python script to run in the background is to use cronjob feature (in macOS and Linux). In windows, we can use Windows Task Scheduler. You can then give the path of your python script file to run at a specific time by giving the time particulars.

How to delete a directory in Linux?

To permanently remove a directory in Linux, use either the rmdir or rm command:
  1. Use the rmdir or rm -d command to remove empty directories.
  2. Use the rm -r command to remove non-empty directories.

What is $? 0 in shell?

$? is the exit status of the most recently-executed command; by convention, 0 means success and anything else indicates failure. That line is testing whether the grep command succeeded. The grep manpage states: The exit status is 0 if selected lines are found, and 1 if not found.

What is $? shell?

$? is a special variable in shell that reads the exit status of the last command executed. After a function returns, $? gives the exit status of the last command executed in the function.

What does %% G mean?

%%G => somevalue. %%Hello => %Hello.

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